ABSTRACT
Background: Anemia is one of the common significant factors responsible for the morbidity and mortality in elderly patients of age 60 years and above. The present was done with the aim to assess the consequences of anemia, and potential etiologies that increase risk of adverse events in geriatric population.Methods: This was a prospective observational study conducted at the department of pathology at Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College and associated Dr. B. R. A. M. Hospital, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, during the period from December 2011 to December 2012. A total of 150 patients with hemoglobin <12 gm% in female and <13 gm% in male satisfying the WHO criteria of anemia (hemoglobin (Hb) were included in the study. Detailed laboratory investigation of haemoglobin and relevant diagnostic tests were done in all the patients to identify the etiology.Results: The prevalence rate of anemia was 68.67%. Proportion of anemia in males was 56.6% and in females it was 43.4%.Fatigue was the most common symptom found in 87.88 % of patients. Overall mean MCV values in the study population were 80.12±10.71 (fL). Most of the patients were mild anaemic (45.3%). Normocytic-normochromic type of anemia was the most common type constituting 64%.Conclusions: There are no specific clinical guidelines to manage geriatric anemia at present. It is clear that anemia in the elderly should be evaluated, and the underlying cause should be identified at the earliest and treated whenever possible.
ABSTRACT
Background: Assessment of risk factors or prognostic markers is essential to determine the adverse outcome related to acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The aim of the present study was to examine the role of random blood glucose as prognostic marker for assessment of severity of AMI.Methods: This prospective study was conducted on 79 patients with onset symptoms of AMI. All the patients both diabetics and non-diabetics underwent serum blood glucose estimation in the hospital. Primary endpoint of the study was all cause mortality till day 90 follow-up. The secondary end points were composite of death, reinfarction and heart failure till day 90.Mortality rate is higher in the diabetics as compared to nondiabetics.Results: The mean age group was 55.9 years. Males (86%) outnumbered females (14%). The mean BMI was 22.3±2.83. The mean random blood glucose in the study population was 138±92.9 mg/dl (7.7±5.15 mol). Of total 79 patients, 5 were diabetics, of them 2 (40%) died. Among 79 patients, 16 patients were died during 3 months following the qualifying event, 7 had heart failure and 4 had reinfarction.Conclusions: In patients with AMI, hyperglycemia should consider as one of the important prognostic marker to determine the adverse cardiovascular events.
ABSTRACT
Background:High white blood cell/leucocyte counts were predicted as important biomarkers for future cardiovascular events in both healthy individuals and are having history myocardial infarction. The aim of the study was to assess the role of leucocytes as predictors of morbidity and mortality during the hospitalization of patients with acute myocardial infarction.Methods:This was a prospective study conducted on 79 patients with evolving STEMI attending the emergency department of Maharaja Yeshwant Rao Hospital, Indore during the period from November 2004 to July 2005. Blood total leucocyte count (TLC) was done in all the patients. All-cause mortality rate during the follow up period was defined as the primary end point of the study. Composite of death, reinfarction and heart failure till follow up day were defined as the secondary outcomes.Results:The mean age of the patients was 55.9±10.4 years. Male dominance was (86%) seen in the study. The mean TLC in the study population was 12345±4922/cumm. A total of 16 (20.2%) patients were died during 3 months of follow up. Statistically significant difference (p<0.001) was seen for characteristics such as age, risk index score,mean blood pressure heart rate and the Kilip class between survivors and non-survivors. The mean difference of TLC and mean CKMB was greater in non-survivors compared to survivors but the difference was not significant (p=0.177). Age, risk index, Kilip class, serum creatinine and baseline TLC, was found to affect the occurrence of the events significantly with a p value of less than 0.05. Conclusions: The findings conclude that the high blood leucocyte count was proved to be an important prognostic factorfor assessing the severity of acute myocardial infarction in study population